Friday, April 19th | 12 Nisan 5784

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The Top 100 People Positively Influencing Jewish Life, 2018

In honor of The Algemeiner’s fifth annual gala, we are delighted to unveil our fifth Algemeiner ‘J100’ list of the top one hundred individuals who have positively influenced Jewish life this past year. Before you work your way through this exciting list, we wanted to first share some of the thoughts that we discussed as we developed it. If we could group these ideas together, the first would be about creating lists, in general; then, what’s unique about lists and Judaism; some finer points differentiating our honorees from the organizations they lead; and important reflections on all those every day and anonymous-to-us heroes we also want to celebrate without ever knowing their names. And, of course, to thank everyone who helped create the list and worked hard to put together our J100 gala.

On Lists

There are lists, and there are lists. From the Forbes 400 to the Time 100, we are witness today to a proliferation of many lists in various magazines and newspapers. The New Yorker even made a list of The Hundred Best Lists of All Time! Lists have begun spreading in the Jewish media as well. It seems that in the feeding frenzy of our information overloaded society, categorizations and listings get our attention by presumably helping us make sense of the data flooding our psyches. Lists also carry an element of sensationalism – who made the list, who didn’t – feeding the hunger for competition – yet another staple of our superficial times. No wonder we don’t find such popularity contests waged in earlier centuries; living as desert nomads or inside of a shtetl, where everyone knew virtually no one else but their neighbors by name (for good or for bad), did not exactly lend itself to creating a top ten list of favorites. This is an exclusive product of the communications revolution and the global village it created.

Jewish Lists

Jewish sages, in particular, did not create such lists. Indeed, some actually dismissed the categorization of lists (even of the 13 Principles of Faith of Maimonides, let alone of a list of the “best” one thing or another…) It begs the uneasy question of how one can even attempt to measure the value of a person? Isn’t everyone a hero in some way? On what grounds can we presume to judge who is more valuable then the next? With the J100 list we tried to create something more meaningful, a list aligned with our core mission: the 100 people who have the most positive impact on Jewish life and Israel – men and women, Jew or non-Jew, who have lifted the quality of Jewish life in the past year. Think of it this way: Without these J100 – either the individuals or the organizations they represent – Jewish life would not be at the caliber it is today. Despite the artificial, superficial, and sensational nature of any list, we sought to transform the information deluge of our times by using the list to shine a spotlight on those gems in our midst, those people who are making a real difference in others’ lives.

We also seek to inspire and motivate our young and the next generation, our future emerging leaders, in rising to the occasion and perpetuating the highest standards of our proud tradition and legacy – in serving and championing the cause of Jews and Israel. Because, as we know, when the quality of Jewish life is raised, the quality of all lives is raised. However, the most exciting part of our work in choosing the J100, frankly, was sifting through hundreds of candidates and nominees to discover some surprising finalists. It was a joy to see the breadth of all those who merited a mention, to understand some of the great work being performed around the world on behalf of the Jewish people, and to celebrate their victories by bringing this great work to renewed public attention via this endeavor.

Individual vs. Organization

Inevitably, any list recognizing those that have positively influenced Jewish life will include the “usual suspects,” well-known leaders and officials of governments, organizations, and institutions. Like it or not, bureaucracy is part of the fabric of our society, feeding and supporting Jewish life around the globe, and it is that fabric that provides strength and cohesion to our disparate Jewish population.

Not all the names on the J100 were included for the same reason. Some are being honored for their personal contributions, others for their work at the organizations or nations they head. Some on the J100 are long established stars, others newcomers.

Like in any dynamic entity and living organism, we included both stalwart leaders with deep roots holding the foundation, while also introducing new branches that will lead us into the future.

This type of list – “The top 100 people who have positively influenced Jewish life” – has its inherent challenges. First, what defines “positive”? What some consider positive, others consider destructive. Jews notoriously disagree on what positive impact means. Fully cognizant of the controversy such a list could stir, we approached the creation of this list with a particular strategy, infused with a sense of humility and respect, to be as all-inclusive as possible while maintaining our integrity. This list should not be seen as an endorsement of anyone or any entity and way of thinking; rather, the people on this list are a reflection of the rich and broad spectrum of Jewish life – those who have positively contributed and helped shape the Jewish future.

We want this list to not be a definitive one, but a type of snapshot and perspective of the Jewish world today. The J100 is far from perfect – but which list of this type would not be? Rather, we want it to serve as a provocateur, challenging us all to think about what we value and consider precious; what we honor as being a positive influence on Jewish life and on Israel.

Anonymous Heroes

Jewish life, now and throughout history, is fraught with innumerable heroes – mostly unsung. A mother unceremoniously bringing up a beautiful family. A quiet nurse attending to the ill. An anonymous philanthropist sending food packages to the needy. The unobtrusive kindergarten teacher lovingly attending to and shaping young lives. Positive influences abound, yet few are called out.

Moreover, the Jewish community is decentralized. A leader in one city or town who has a major impact on their community may be completely irrelevant in another city. No list – not of 100, not of 1,000 – could capture and do justice to the countless daily acts of heroism and nobility impacting Jews and Israel.

There are innumerable rabbis, lay leaders, educators, and administrators who are beloved and are transforming their Jewish communities. As important as these individuals may be – and they certainly deserve their own list – the J100 does not include these heroes. Instead it focuses on individuals that have global and international impact, and that come from diverse groups – such as writers, teachers, government officials, and organizations. In some ways, the J100 should be looked at not as a bunch of disjointed individuals, but as a mosaic – a confluence of many different colors and hues that create a diverse painting.

Thank You

In the spirit of The Algemeiner, we want this list to lift the quality of our discourse and standards in seeking out the best within and among us. We hope you enjoy reviewing and studying this list, and we welcome all your feedback, critiques, and suggestions to be included next year, in what has become a tradition at our annual gala event.

We extend our deep gratitude to our J100 honorees and special guests, to those who support this great institution, and ultimately to our readers, the Jewish people, and friends of the Jewish people whom we serve.

Disclosure: Algemeiner staff and their immediate families were disqualified for inclusion on the list. Some of the J100 finalists are friends and associates of The Algemeiner. As a media entity with many relationships, The Algemeiner inevitably has many friends and supporters; yet we didn’t feel it fair to disqualify highly qualified candidates simply due to their connection with us. Instead, fully cognizant of that reality, we placed special emphasis on impartiality and objectivity to choose only those who fit the criteria.

— The Algemeiner editors

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Abraham Socher

Editor, Jewish Review of Books

Abraham Socher is the editor of the Jewish Review of Books, a quarterly publication he founded in 2010 with the support of the Tikvah Fund. The JRB focuses on the newest books and ideas about religion, literature, culture, and politics, as well as fiction, poetry, and the arts. Socher was educated at UCLA, Harvard University and UC Berkeley, where he received a PhD in History. He is the author of The Radical Enlightenment of Solomon Maimon: Judaism, Philosophy, Heresy (Stanford University Press, 2006), and has published essays and reviews on topics in Jewish intellectual history, literary criticism and baseball. He is a professor at Oberlin College in the Department of Religion and directs the program in Jewish Studies. (Photo: Screenshot.)

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David Biale

Professor, University of California, Davis

David Biale is the Emanuel Ringelblum distinguished professor of Jewish history and the director of the Jewish Studies program at the University of California, Davis. He has written on the historian Gershom Scholem, as well as on themes of power, sexuality, blood and secularization in Jewish history. In December 2017, Biale published an 800-page volume on the history of Hasidism, written with a team of academic colleagues, with Princeton University Press. “Our underlying argument is that Hasidism is part of modern Jewish history, not just an anti-modern phenomenon," Biale reflected on the book's publication. "It’s an important component of that history, and a shaper of it.” Biale's many books include Not in the Heavens: The Tradition of Jewish Secular Thought (2010) and Power and Powerlessness in Jewish History (1986). Biale is also the co-author of the volume on Judaism published by the Norton Anthology of World Religions. (Photo: Screenshot.)

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Gil Troy

Professor, McGill University

Leading Jewish scholar Gil Troy is professor of history at McGill University in Montreal and a visiting scholar at the Brookings Institution in Washington, DC. Professor Troy's writings have appeared in The New York TimesThe New Republic, and other major media outlets. His books include biographies of former President Ronald Reagan and former New York Senator Hillary Clinton. His latest book, The Zionist Ideas: Visions for the Jewish Homeland – Then, Now, Tomorrow, sheds light on the surprisingly diverse and shared visions for realizing Israel as a democratic Jewish state. Building on Arthur Hertzberg’s classic, The Zionist Idea, Troy explores the backstories, dreams, and legacies of more than 170 passionate Jewish visionaries from the 1800s to today. (Photo: McGill University.)

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Joseph Koerner

Professor, Harvard University

A professor of History of Art and Architecture at Harvard University, Koerner is currently working on the film The Burning Child, which traces the rise of creativity and the forces countering it in early 20th-century Vienna. Koerner's documentary highlights the antisemitism that plagued Viennese intellectual circles, casting Jews and non-Jews in "deadly opposition." Partly inspired by the experience of his father – a Jew who fled Vienna following Austria's incorporation by Nazi Germany in 1938 – Koerner notes that the individuals in his film all believed they would be safe inside their own homes. "All the people I document, including my grandparents, thought the same thing,” Koerner said in a January 2018 interview. (Wikimedia Commons.)

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Keith Eldredge

Assistant vice president and dean of students, Fordham University

The dean of students at Fordham University’s Lincoln Center campus in New York, NY, Keith Eldredge has won plaudits from Jewish and non-Jewish students for taking robust action against the anti-Zionist campus group Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP). In 2016, Eldredge denied SJP club status on the campus, explaining: "I cannot support an organization whose sole purpose is advocating political goals of a specific group, and against a specific country, when these goals clearly conflict with and run contrary to the mission and values of the University." He continued: "Specifically, the call for Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions of Israel presents a barrier to open dialogue and mutual learning and understanding.” As a result of his stance, Eldredge continues to be targeted by pro-Palestinian activists, despite his compromise offer of a pro-Palestinian club with a name that does not raise the same “animosity and safety concerns" that SJP does. (Photo: LinkedIn.)

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Lawrence S. Bacow

President, Harvard University

Previously the president of Tufts University and the chancellor of MIT, Lawrence "Larry" Bacow's standing as a leader in American higher education was again recognized when he became president of Harvard University in August 2018. The son of a mother who survived Auschwitz and a father who escaped violent pogroms in Europe for a new life in America, the Pontiac, MI native capped off his own distinguished academic career with a Ph.D. in Public Policy from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. An observer of kashrut who keeps a mezuzah on his office door, Bacow remains proud of his Jewish immigrant roots. As he told a press conference announcing his new position at Harvard earlier this year, "I would not be standing here today, literally, if this country had turned its back on my parents." (Photo: PR Newswire.)

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Lesley Klaff

Senior lecturer, Sheffield Hallam University

A senior lecturer in law at Sheffield Hallam University in the UK and an affiliate professor of law at Haifa University, British-Jewish academic Lesley Klaff is increasingly recognized as one of the world's leading scholars of contemporary antisemitism, frequently speaking at academic conferences in Israel, the US and Europe. In July 2018, Klaff was appointed editor-in-chief the prestigious Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism, which provides a forum for current academic research and analysis of anti-Zionism and antisemitism. Klaff is a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of the Social Research Foundation and also serves on the academic advisory board of the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law. (Photo: Screenshot.)

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Martin Goodman

Professor, Oxford University

Martin Goodman is professor of Jewish Studies at Oxford University and president of the Oxford Centre for Jewish and Hebrew Studies. He is a fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford and the British Academy. His Rome and Jerusalem, published in 2008, was acknowledged as a landmark in the study of the Jewish people in the Roman Empire and has been translated into six languages. In 2018, Penguin Books published Goodman's A History of Judaism, a truly global interpretation that spans not only the Middle East, Europe and North Africa, but also China, India and America, and one that untangles the threads of doctrinal and philosophical debate running through Jewish history. (Photo: Oxford University.)

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Miriam Elman

Professor, Syracuse University

An associate professor of political science and security studies at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University, Miriam Elman is a regular contributor to the influential blog Legal Insurrection on topics concerning Israel and the BDS movement. Her books include Jerusalem: Conflict and Cooperation in a Contested City (2014) and her op-eds have been published by Haaretz, The Post-Standard and other outlets. Elman is also an editorial board member of the journals International Security, Foreign Policy Analysis and Political Research Quarterly. She serves as a member of the Council of Scholars of Scholars for Peace in the Middle East (SPME), a leading pro-Israel organization among higher education professionals. (Photo: Twitter.)

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Neri Oxman

Professor, MIT Media Lab

Pioneering American-Israel artist, designer and architect Neri Oxman has been revolutionizing the visual arts from her perch as professor at the Media Lab at MIT. Born and raised in Haifa, Oxman moved to the US in 2005 for her PhD. She has exhibited at some of the world's most famous public spaces, including the Pompidou Center in Paris, the Smithsonian in Washington, DC, and the Museum of Modern Art in New York City – whose curator, Paola Antonelli, has hailed Oxman as "a person ahead of her time, not of her time." Oxman's numerous awards include the 2014 Vilcek Prize in Design and the Cultural Leader award from the World Economic Forum in 2016, and the MIT Collier Medal in 2016. Intellectually, Oxman is known for her concept of "material ecology," in which products and building are considered in the context of their environments. (Photo: Noah Kalina.)

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Rafał Pankowski

Professor, Collegium Civitas University

Polish sociologist and anti-racism advocate Rafał Pankowski attracted the ire of his country's far right in 2018, with his trenchant criticism of legislation that would have criminalized the discussion of Polish collusion with the Nazi occupying authorities during World War II – when nearly 3 million Polish Jews were exterminated. Pankowski's article for the July 2018 edition of the Israel Journal of World Affairs, "The Resurgence of Antisemitic Discourse in Poland," probed the relationship between historical revisionism and antisemitism in today's Poland. An associate professor in sociology at Warsaw’s Collegium Civitas University and a co-founder of the Nigdy Więcej [Never Again] Association, which monitors and combats antisemitism and xenophobi, Pankowski's books include The Populist Radical Right in Poland (2010) and the forthcoming Poland: Inventing the Nation. Pankowski is frequently interviewed by The Algemeiner on Polish-Jewish affairs. (Photo: Screenshot.)

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Ruth Arnon

Biochemist

Israeli scientist Ruth Arnon earned both her MSc and her Ph.D. at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem prior to joining the world-renowned Weizmann Institute in 1960. She is the incumbent of the Paul Ehrlich Chair in Immunochemistry and has held a number of senior posts at the Institute. Arnon has made significant contributions to the fields of vaccine development and cancer research, and to the study of parasitic diseases. She co-developed Copaxone, a multiple sclerosis (MS) drug currently marketed worldwide. Arnon is currently performing research on a universal, recombinant influenza vaccination. Her honors include the French Légion d'Honneur and the Israel Prize. In 2010, Arnon became the first woman to be elected as president of the Israel Academy of Science and Humanities. (Photo: Weizmann Institute of Science.)

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Simon Schama

Professor, Columbia University

British-born academic Simon Schama is professor of Art History and History at Columbia University in New York. He taught history at Cambridge (Christ's College), Oxford (Brasenose College) and art history and history at Harvard before coming to Columbia. His many books have won the Wolfson Award for History, the W.H. Smith Prize for Literature, the National Academy of Arts and Letters Award for Literature and many other honors. Among Schama's acclaimed recent works are his two-volume The Story of the Jews, along with an accompanying BBC/PBS television series hailed by The Guardian as a "towering achievement that demonstrates Schama's finest qualities to exhilarating effect." Two previous television series presented by Schama on British and American history won Broadcast Guild Awards. (Photo: Wikimedia.)

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Thane Rosenbaum

Distinguished fellow, New York University School of Law

Thane Rosenbaum is an essayist, law professor, and author of several novels. His articles, reviews and essays appear frequently in the New York TimesWall Street JournalWashington PostLos Angeles TimesCNNHaaretzHuffington Post and Daily Beast, among other national publications. He serves as the legal analyst for CBS News Radio. He also moderates an annual series of discussions on culture, world events and politics at the 92nd Street Y in New York City. Rosenbaum is a distinguished fellow at New York University School of Law, where he directs the Forum on Law, Culture & Society. In its review of Rosenbaum's 2005 book The Myth of Moral Justice, the New York Times declared that "Rosenbaum has accomplished what multitudes of professors long for and so rarely achieve: He has set the terms for public debate." (Photo: Maxine Dovere.)

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