Remains of a 2000-year-old building recently excavated near the Western Wall in Jerusalem.
Photo: Yaniv Berman / Israel Antiquities Authority

i24 News – Archeologists from the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) unveiled Thursday, impressive underground constructions dating from the end of the Second Temple period (beginning 1st century CE), and located in the Old City of Jerusalem.

With a luxurious lobby, parts of which the IAA has already revealed, the edifice includes a sophisticated fountain and was likely used for banquets and other gatherings of the local elite or to receive foreign dignitaries within walking distance of the Temple.

“It is a truly magnificent building, one of the most splendid public buildings we know of dating from the Second Temple period,” said Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah, an archeologist at the IAA.

The Second Jewish Temple was built in the 6th century BCE, after the Babylonians destroyed the first one in 586 BCE. The original iteration was a modest replica of King Solomon’s magnificent building, although King Herod undertook a massive construction project — which can still be seen today in the 144,000 sq. m. Temple Mount platform. The Romans destroyed the temple that stood at its heart in 70 CE.

The Western Wall is the only vestige of an outside retaining wall. Above the Wall stretches the Temple Mount, the most sacred site in Judaism.

At the time of the Temple, the banquet hall, partly unveiled on Thursday, was divided into several segments, and “very, very impressive ritual baths” were dug there, Weksler-Bdolah said, adding that it was still difficult to understand the timeline and motivations for construction.

According to the excavations, the site was no longer in use in the 7th century, shortly after the Muslim conquest. From this period, the inhabitants of Jerusalem lived at street level, a few meters above the underground hall.

The newly discovered pieces, characterized by their sophistication, show how keen the rulers of Jerusalem were to leave their mark on the city, especially in the area near the Temple Mount, according to Weksler-Bdolah.