Shoah Museum in Rome Acquires Another Defaced Mural of Holocaust Survivor
by Shiryn Ghermezian
Edith Bruck, in white, attends the unveiling event for the AleXsandro Palombo mural “The Star of David” at the Shoah Museum in Rome, Italy, on April 7, 2025. Photo: Ariel Nacamulli
The Shoah Museum in Rome unveiled on Monday a second Holocaust-related mural that was recreated and acquired by the institution after being defaced by antisemitic vandals in Milan earlier this year.
The mural, titled “The Star of David,” depicts Italian-Hungarian Holocaust survivor, writer, and poet Edith Bruck, and was created by Italian contemporary artist aleXsandro Palombo. The artwork shows Bruck dressed in striped concentration camp prisoner uniform with an Israeli flag draped over her shoulders. Palombo debuted the mural in Milan in January, in honor of the 80th anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp, but mere days after its unveiling, the large blue Star of David on the Israeli flag was scrapped off by vandals and Bruck’s face with later defaced. Palombo has since recreated the mural, and it is now in display at the Shoah Museum.
In the original mural, Bruck stood under the words “Arbeit macht frei” (“Work makes you free”), which is the phrase featured on the main gate at the site of the former Auschwitz concentration camp. Palombo also named the artwork after the slogan, but he left out the wording when recreating the mural for the Holocaust museum and has renamed the artwork “The Star of David.”
Bruck attended the mural’s unveiling ceremony on Monday at the Shoah Museum. The event was also attended by Israeli Ambassador to Italy Jonathan Peled; Victor Fadlun, president of the Jewish Community of Rome; and Noemi Di Segni, president of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities.
“The mural must live precisely because it was vandalized, and so it will live, and everything related to memory and what I have personally experienced must live,” Bruck said. “After they defaced it, it will finally live, it will live because it has returned to Rome, where I live.”
The artwork has been added to the museum’s permanent collection and it stands beside another of Palombo’s Holocaust-related murals – titled “Anti-Semitism, History Repeating” – which was acquired by the Shoah Museum in January after it was defaced three times. That mural depicted two Auschwitz survivors — Italian Senate member for life Liliana Segre and Italian author Sami Modiano. The two murals are now displayed in front of the Portico d’Ottavia outside the Casina dei Vallati, which is in the ancient Jewish Ghetto of Rome and currently home to the Shoah Museum.
Palombo has had several of his Holocaust-related murals vandalized in antisemitic attacks, including one that features Bruck, Segre and Modiano together.
“After the despicable defacement in Milan, welcoming today aleXsandro Palombo’s mural at the Museum of the Shoah Foundation is an act of resistance and responsibility,” said Mario Venezia, president of the Shoah Museum Foundation. “Edith Bruck, like Liliana Segre and Sami Modiano, has dedicated her life to dialogue and testimony, speaking to thousands of young people and engaging with institutions. Today, we are here to reiterate that memory cannot be erased, neither by paint nor by the hatred of those who attempt to rewrite history. We will continue to defend it, to honor the survivors and for all new generations who believe in the value of knowledge and respect.”
“Edith Bruck came to the inauguration of aleXsandro Palombo’s work to show that we have no intention of accepting these forms of violence, responding in a peaceful, non-violent way,” added Venezia. “It’s important because her gesture is a civil response to an act of vandalism. We have Edith with us, and we will always have her in our hearts and minds.”
